Unit 4　Earthquakes

Ⅰ.常考单词必背

1．burst vi.(burst，burst) 爆裂；爆发　 n．突然破裂；爆发

She burst into tears on hearing the sad news.

一听到这一不幸消息，她突然哭了起来。

Upon his appearance，there was a burst of applause.

他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。

[快速闪记]

(1)burst in打断；闯入；突然出现

burst into...突然开始；闯入……

burst into laughter/tears ＝ burst out laughing/crying突然大笑/哭起来

(2)a burst of一阵……

2．injure vt.损害；伤害

Most of the injured were women and children.

大多数伤员都是妇女和儿童。

[快速闪记]

(1)injured adj.受伤的

the injured伤员

(2)injury n．伤；伤口；伤害

3．shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动　 n．休克；打击；震惊

I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.

听到他辞职的消息我感到很震惊。

The news of my promotion came as a shock.

我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。

[快速闪记]

(1)be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊

be shocked to do...因做……而震惊

(2)a shock一件令人震惊的事 (抽象名词具体化用法)

(3)shocked adj.感到震惊的

shocking adj.令人震惊的

4．rescue n．& vt.援救；营救

All the people nearby came to her rescue when hearing her cry for help.

周围的人们听到她的呼救声都来营救她。

I rescued my belongings from the flood.

我把财物抢救出来，免遭洪水淹没。

[快速闪记]

(1)rescue sb/sth from...把……从……营救出来

(2)come/go to one's rescue来/去营救某人

come/go to the rescue来/去援救

5．trap vt.使陷入困境　 n．陷阱；困境

He was trapped in a burning house.

他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。

It is full of traps on the Internet.网络上充满了陷阱。

[快速闪记]

be trapped in困在……中，陷在……中

trap sb into (doing) sth 诱骗某人(做)某事

walk/fall into a trap落入陷阱或圈套

6．bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏

Since his wife left，he has buried himself in his work.自从妻子离开以来，他一直都埋头于工作。

[快速闪记]

bury one's face/head in one's hands用手捂住脸/头

bury oneself in/be buried in...埋头于/专心于……

7．shelter n．掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处　v．保护；掩蔽；躲避；遮避(常与介词from搭配)

These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.这些植物必须被遮起来，使其免受阳光直射。

[快速闪记]

(1)give sb shelter庇护某人

take shelter from...躲避……

under the shelter of...在……的庇护下

(2)shelter...from...保护……免受……

8．damage n．& vt.损失；损害

Eating too much meat one time will cause damage to your stomach.一次吃太多的肉会对你的胃造成损害。

[快速闪记]

do/cause damage to对……造成损害

be badly damaged遭受严重损害

9．frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬

frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的

frightening adj.令人恐惧的

The mother was so frightened when she found her daughter lost.当母亲发现女儿不见了，吓坏了。

[快速闪记]

(1)frighten sb into/out of (doing) sth 吓得某人做某事/吓得某人不敢做某事

frighten sb/sth away/off把……吓走(吓跑)

(2)be frightened of (doing) sth 害怕(做)某事

be frightened to do sth 害怕/不敢做某事

10．congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词

We sent our congratulations to her when she passed the exam.当她通过考试时，我们向她表示祝贺。

[快速闪记]

offer/send one's congratulations to sb 向某人致以祝贺

congratulate v. 祝贺

11．judge n．裁判员；法官　vt.断定；判断；判决

Judging from what he said，he was very disappointed.从他的话来判断，他非常失望。

[快速闪记]

judge...by/from...根据……判断……

judging by/from...从……来判断

12．express vt.表示；表达　 n．快车；速递

Perhaps I have not expressed myself very well.

或许我未把自己的意思表达清楚。

[快速闪记]

(1)express...to...向……表达……

express one's satisfaction with...某人对……表示满意

express oneself表达思想

(2)expression n．表达，表情

Ⅱ.高频短语必会

1．at an end 结束；终结

He went on spending lavishly until his money was at an end.他继续挥霍无度，直到把钱用光为止。

[快速闪记]

come to an end结束

put an end to使……结束；使……终止

at the end of在……尽头

by the end of到……末为止

in the end最后；终于　on end连续地；不断地

2．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪

What left the town in ruins?

是什么让这个小镇化为废墟的？

[快速闪记]

fall into ruin毁灭；毁坏

ruin one's health损害某人的健康

ruin oneself毁掉自己，自取灭亡

3．a (great) number of 许多；大量的

[快速闪记]

a (great) number of/a good many许多；大量(后跟可数名词复数)

a great deal/amount of大量(后跟不可数名词)

a lot of/plenty of/a quantity of 许多；大量(后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词)

4．think little of 不在意/看轻……

Mr.Yuan thinks little/poorly of his money，but research.袁先生重视研究，轻视金钱。

[快速闪记]

think highly/well/much of...对……高度评价/重视

think poorly/little/nothing of...轻视/认为……无所谓

think ill/badly of...认为……不好

5．be proud of 为……而自豪 (后接名词、代词或动名词)

[快速闪记]

take pride in为……而自豪

6．be known as＝be famous as作为……而出名

Paris is known as the fashion centre.

巴黎以时装中心闻名。

[快速闪记]

be known for因……而出名

be known to为……所熟悉/了解

Ⅲ.写作句式必学

1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.

在农家小院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西。

2．It seemed as if the world was at an end!

仿佛到了世界末日！

3．All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。

4．The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。

5．Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.

评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们一致认为这是今年最好的。

6．I would like to express my thanks to...

我想向……表达我的感谢。

短文语法填空，然后背诵短文，熟记本单元的重点词汇。

A Terrible Earthquake

Dirty water rose in wells and canals before the earthquake.But no one judged that an earthquake __1__(come)．Suddenly，everything shook.It seemed as __2__ the world was at an end.Millions of brick houses and a number of dams __3__(destroy)．Railway tracks became useless bars.Pipes in mines burst and let out __4__(smell) steam.Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere.

The next day，this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers.With the reporters giving an outline of the disaster，__5__ whole nation was shocked by the damage and the victim's extreme __6__(suffer)．People were moved when they read that the survivors comforted each other by saying “__7__(congratulation)! You survived！” So they not only expressed their sympathy sincerely，__8__ also organized together to help the victims right away.The __9__(injure) were rescued and the dead were buried.The frightened survivors were dug __10__ from under the ruins and were offered shelter，fresh water and electricity.Thanks to people's help，the loss was minimized.

答案　1.was coming　2.if　3.were destroyed 4．smelly　5.the　6.suffering　7.Congratulations 8．but　9.injured　10.out